Логотип СЕДРИГ

CEDRIG оперативный

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Construction of a water treatment plant and sewer system for the Guaqui town, Department of La Paz / Municipality of Guaqui

Обзор

Информация общего характера

Автор

Roberto Méndez

Последнее обновление

June 2018г.

Общая цель

Improve the current living conditions of Guaqui´s inhabitants through the implementation of an appropriate sewage system, benefiting the overall population

Страна

  • Боливия

Бюджет

Bs. 7'000'000 (approximately USD 1'000'000)

Продолжительность

September 2016 - July 2017 (approximately 10 months)

Аннотация

Описание

Due to the absence of a sewage treatment plant in the Guaqui town, wastewater is discharged directly to Lake Titicaca, causing serious water pollution. Through the construction of a sewage treatment plant, the water pollution will be reduced along with an improvement of the living conditions of the local population. As a result of frequent lake level flucuations, however, the sewage treatment plant might suffer negative impacts from flooding. In addition, frosts during the cold winter months can affect the plant's components such as (i) the sewage collection system and inspection chambers, (ii) emissary, (iii) pumping chamber, (iv) pressure pipe, (v) treatment plant, and (vi) infiltration ditches.

Ключевые слова

  • Wastewater treatment system
  • sewage collection system
  • emissary
  • water pumps
  • lake contamination
  • Bolivia
  • Floods
  • frosts

Сектора, требующие оперативного вмешательства

  • Здравоохранение
  • Туризм
  • Водоснабжение и санитария

Документы

Изображения

  • Project_LocationProject_Location
  • General_project_dataGeneral_project_data
  • LocationLocation
  • Coverage and extensionCoverage and extension
  • ComponentsComponents
  • Flood mapFlood map
  • Components and flood mapComponents and flood map
  • Hazard map - FrostsHazard map - Frosts
  • Guaqui picturesGuaqui pictures
  • InfrastructureInfrastructure
  • InfrastructureInfrastructure

Факторы риска

Природные угрозы (гидрометеорологические и геологические)

Название угрозы

Наводнения, внезапные паводки

Последствие

Due to extreme lake level fluctuations, the plant's components could be damaged and filled with sediments. The service would be interrupted. This happens in average every 15 years.

Тяжесть

Чрезвычайно большой ущерб

Выбранная уязвимость

Disconnected communities, increased pressure on soils and water resources, fragile incomes, relationship between municipality and Risk Management Unit, additional health risks

Степень вероятности

Возможно

Значительность

Высокий уровень риска

Выбранный фактор риска

Да
Потенциальная мера Capacity building in DRR for local communities
Баллы (необязательно) 3.40
Комментарии The local community has no experience in DRR and should be included in the steering mechanisms (social control)

Выбранная мера

Да
Потенциальная мера Strengthen operation and maintainance
Баллы (необязательно) 3.20
Комментарии DRR-related aspects were not considered for plant's operation and management

Выбранная мера

Да
Потенциальная мера Early warning system
Баллы (необязательно) 2.00
Комментарии It is vital to observe the lake level fluctuations as well as the river discharge

Выбранная мера

Да
Потенциальная мера It is vital to observe the lake level fluctuations as well as the river discharge
Баллы (необязательно) 2.20
Комментарии Dykes to protect the plant's components

Выбранная мера

Да
Потенциальная мера Reduction of river discharge (river deviation)
Баллы (необязательно) 1.60
Комментарии Consider structural measures that permit the diversion of inflowing river water

Последствие

Due to flood events, the equipment can not be used and/or broken parts have to be replaced

Тяжесть

Чрезвычайно большой ущерб

Выбранная уязвимость

Skills: weak technical knowledge, replacement of spare parts, unsufficient access to credits and insurance solutions, lack of ownership of the municipality, emerging local markets and trade

Степень вероятности

Возможно

Значительность

Высокий уровень риска

Выбранный фактор риска

Да
Потенциальная мера Use of water-resistant, robust equipment
Баллы (необязательно) 1.80
Комментарии Consider extreme events

Выбранная мера

Да
Потенциальная мера Risk transfer measures (insurance solutions)
Баллы (необязательно) 2.20
Комментарии Taking into account the socio-economic situation of the municipality and the local population, a insurance solution could be appropriate

Выбранная мера

Да

Последствие

During a flood event, the wastewater could contaminate the river water and cause health problems for the local population. Due to the topography, contaminated water would flow into the lake and not to the urban zone.

Тяжесть

Небольшой ущерб

Выбранная уязвимость

Health: health education, social hygiene, health stations, health networks, unprotected water sources, precarious health situation

Степень вероятности

Возможно

Значительность

Низкий уровень риска

Название угрозы

Аномально низкая температура

Последствие

Malfunction of the plant and drastic efficiency reduction of the oxidation basins. 90 to 180 days per year with frosts, 3835m a.s.l., average temperatures of 4°C , minimum temperatures -10°C (on average every 2 years)

Тяжесть

Средний ущерб

Выбранная уязвимость

Operation and efficiency: communities with respiratory infections, lack of maintainance, low technical capacity, frequent interruption of service

Степень вероятности

Возможно

Значительность

Средний уровень риска

Выбранный фактор риска

Да
Потенциальная мера Change to appropriate materials
Баллы (необязательно) 2.40
Комментарии Identify materials that support extreme cold temperatures

Выбранная мера

Да
Потенциальная мера Heating system
Баллы (необязательно) 1.40
Комментарии Identify a technical solution that allows the plant's operation within the material's optimal temperature range (e.g. heating system)

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Воздействие

Воздействие на окружающую среду

Компонент проекта

Water treatment plant (oxidation basins) and pumping chamber

Потенциальное отрицательное воздействие

Bad odors could disturb the surrounding population

Значительность Worsening of the quality of life for the local population and related health issues

Выбранное воздействие

Да
Потенциальная мера Artificial cover of the oxidation basins
Баллы (необязательно) 2.00
Комментарии Prevents odor emissions

Выбранная мера

Да

Компонент проекта

Location of the water treatment plant

Потенциальное отрицательное воздействие

Landscape changes due to the different construction sites

Значительность The water treatment plant could have an negative impact on the number of tourists visiting the Lake Titicaca region

Выбранное воздействие

Да
Потенциальная мера Land use plan
Баллы (необязательно) 3.60
Комментарии The water treatment plant can be included in the plan as an element which improves the quality of stay for tourists

Выбранная мера

Да
Потенциальная мера Change of technology
Баллы (необязательно) 1.20
Комментарии It would mean substantial changes in the design of the project

Потенциальное отрицательное воздействие

The system will require large areas for construction

Значительность The project could have an negative influence on local environmental planning and increase the need for additional human ressources of the Guaqui Municipality

Воздействие на риски бедствий

Компонент проекта

Water treatment plant (oxidation basins)

Потенциальное отрицательное воздействие

New settlements around the plant in the future

Значительность Structural measures to protect the plant (e.g. through dams) could attract people and lead to new settlements in flood-prone areas

Выбранное воздействие

Да
Потенциальная мера Security strips
Баллы (необязательно) 3.20
Комментарии To be included in the territorial plans

Выбранная мера

Да
Потенциальная мера Purchase of land in surroundings
Баллы (необязательно) 1.20
Комментарии Acquisition of land to avoid new settlements in flood-prone areas

Потенциальное отрицательное воздействие

Exposure of the Guaqui´s local population to greater risks from natural hazards and increase of vulnerability

Значительность The planned structural protection measures could lead of a shift of risks more towards the urban areas. Scientific studies estimate a medium risk for this development.

Воздействие на изменение климата

Компонент проекта

Water treatment plant (oxidation basins)

Потенциальное отрицательное воздействие

Greenhouse gas emissions from the oxidation basins

Значительность Taking into account the seize of the water treatment plant, high levels of GHG emissions can be expected. Even higher emissions are possible during a malfunction of the system

Выбранное воздействие

Да
Потенциальная мера Artificial cover of the oxidation basins
Баллы (необязательно) 2.20
Комментарии Storage of gases and burning with appropriate technology

Выбранная мера

Да
Потенциальная мера Carbon sinks (afforestation)
Баллы (необязательно) 1.20
Комментарии Reforestation to compensate for GHG emissions

Потенциальное отрицательное воздействие

Emission of additional other gases by the water treatment system

Значительность According to studies, the risk of problems arising from additional gas emissions is low in our stuy area.

Компонент проекта

Power systems of the plant

Потенциальное отрицательное воздействие

The generators of the different pumping systems run with diesel causing high emissions of GHG and black carbon

Значительность Taking into account the plant's increasing utlization (close to its limits), the pumping hours will increase in the future along with emissions of GHG and black carbon

Выбранное воздействие

Да
Потенциальная мера Use of alternative energies, energy generation through burning trapped gases from the oxidation basins
Баллы (необязательно) 1.60
Комментарии Strong winds in the study area (high potential for wind energy), and solar power

Выбранная мера

Да
Потенциальная мера Connection to the national power supply system
Баллы (необязательно) 1.20
Комментарии This measure would imply the installation power supply lines over long distances

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